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What is antibiotic resistance?

The ability of bacteria to resist the effects of an antibiotic.

How does antimicrobial stewardship address antibiotic resistance?

By ensuring antibiotics are used judiciously to slow the development of resistance.

Name a factor contributing to antibiotic resistance.

Overuse and misuse of antibiotics.

What is a superbug?

A strain of bacteria that has become resistant to several types of antibiotics.

How can hospitals monitor antibiotic resistance?

Through the use of surveillance programs and laboratory testing.

Name a common superbug.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).

What role do diagnostic tests play in stewardship?

They help identify pathogens to ensure appropriate antibiotic selection.

Why is early identification of infection important?

To guide effective and timely treatment and reduce misuse of antibiotics.

How does agriculture contribute to antibiotic resistance?

Through the use of antibiotics in livestock, which can lead to resistant bacteria.

What global action is needed to address antibiotic resistance?

International collaboration on surveillance and regulation of antibiotic use.

How can improving hand hygiene reduce antibiotic resistance?

By preventing infections, thus decreasing the need for antibiotics.

What is selective pressure in the context of antibiotic resistance?

The environmental pressure that favors the survival of resistant strains.

Why is the development of new antibiotics important?

To overcome resistant bacteria with limited treatment options.

What is one example of a bacterial mechanism of resistance?

Production of enzymes that degrade the antibiotic, such as beta-lactamase.

What ethical considerations exist in antimicrobial stewardship?

Balancing the benefits of antibiotic use for current patients with long-term societal impact.