Acid-Base Chemistry

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What is the Bronsted-Lowry definition of an acid?

The Bronsted-Lowry definition states that an acid is a proton donor.

What is a conjugate base?

A conjugate base is the species formed when an acid donates a proton.

What is an amphoteric substance?

An amphoteric substance can act as both an acid and a base.

Give an example of an amphoteric substance.

Water (H2O) is an example of an amphoteric substance.

What is the concept of pKa?

The pKa is a measure of the strength of an acid; lower pKa values indicate stronger acids.

What is the relationship between acids and conjugate bases?

Stronger acids have weaker conjugate bases, and weaker acids have stronger conjugate bases.

How do acids behave in a Bronsted-Lowry reaction?

In a Bronsted-Lowry reaction, acids donate protons to bases.

What is the role of acids in a buffer solution?

Acids in buffers can help neutralize added bases, helping to maintain pH levels.

How are acid dissociation constants expressed?

Acid dissociation constants are expressed as Ka values.

What is a Lewis acid?

A Lewis acid is a substance that can accept an electron pair.

What distinguishes strong acids from weak acids?

Strong acids completely dissociate in solution, while weak acids do not.

What is an example of a weak acid?

Acetic acid (CH3COOH) is an example of a weak acid.

What is hydrolysis in the context of acids and bases?

Hydrolysis involves the reaction of an ion with water to form an acid or a base.

How do acids contribute to redox reactions?

Acids can donate protons to facilitate oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions.

What is a practical application of understanding acid-base chemistry?

Understanding acid-base chemistry is crucial in industries like pharmaceuticals, food preservation, and environmental science.