The work-energy theorem states that the work done on an object is equal to the change in its kinetic energy.
What is a conservative force? Provide an example.
A conservative force is a force where the work done is independent of the path taken, such as gravitational force.
How does non-conservative force differ from conservative force?
Non-conservative forces, like friction, cause energy dissipation, making work path-dependent unlike conservative forces.
Explain the concept of power efficiency.
Power efficiency is the ratio of useful power output to the total power input, usually expressed as a percentage.
How does elastic potential energy differ from gravitational potential energy?
Elastic potential energy is stored when objects are deformed (e.g., springs), while gravitational potential energy depends on an object's position in a gravitational field.
What role does power play in electrical systems?
Power in electrical systems quantifies the rate of electrical energy conversion into other forms and is calculated with Power = Voltage × Current.
Why is understanding energy transformation important for engineering?
Understanding energy transformation is crucial for designing efficient systems, reducing waste and optimizing resource use.
What is meant by instantaneous power?
Instantaneous power is the power output at a specific moment in time, differing from average power over a period.
Define thermal energy.
Thermal energy is the total kinetic energy of particles in a substance, resulting from their motion and position.