Ancient and Medieval Morocco

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What Berber kingdom was established in North Africa around the 3rd century BCE?

The Kingdom of Mauretania.

Which people invaded Morocco in the 7th century, bringing Islam to the region?

The Arabs.

What major Moroccan city was founded by the Idrisid dynasty in 789 AD?

Fes.

Name one significant contribution of the Almoravid dynasty.

The expansion of the empire to include southern Spain (Al-Andalus).

Which dynasty established Marrakesh as their capital in the 11th century?

The Almoravid dynasty.

Describe the rise of the Almohad Caliphate.

The Almohad Caliphate emerged from a Berber reform movement and succeeded the Almoravids in the 12th century.

What was the capital of the Almohad Caliphate?

Marrakesh.

How did the Marinid dynasty impact Moroccan architecture?

They were known for their architectural works, including mosques and madrasas, that displayed intricate designs.

What triggered the decline of the Almohad Empire?

Defeats in battles such as the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa in 1212 contributed to their decline.

When did the Wattasids fall from power, and which dynasty replaced them?

The Wattasids were replaced by the Saadian dynasty in the 16th century.

What societal changes took place during the Idrisid dynasty?

The spread of Shi'a Islam as Idris I claimed descent from Prophet Muhammad's grandson.

Explain the significance of Almoravid rule in Spain.

They helped to defend Muslim territories against Christian states and introduced a more orthodox Islam.

Who founded the Marinid dynasty?

Abu Yahya ibn Abd al-Haqq in the early 13th century.

Identify a key achievement of the Idrisid dynasty in Morocco.

They were responsible for the initial Islamization and Arabization of Morocco.

What was the role of the Zaydi Shia under the Idrisids?

They played a significant role in the initial establishment and legitimacy of the Idrisid rule in Morocco.