Applications of Genetic Engineering

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What is genetic engineering?

Genetic engineering is the direct manipulation of an organism’s genes using biotechnology.

Name one common application of genetic engineering in agriculture.

Genetically modified organisms (GMOs), such as Bt corn, which are engineered for pest resistance.

How is genetic engineering applied in medicine?

It is used in the production of insulin, human growth hormones, and other pharmaceuticals.

What is the purpose of genetic engineering in industry?

To engineer microorganisms that can produce products such as biofuels, biodegradable plastics, and other chemicals.

Give an example of genetic engineering in environmental conservation.

Using genetically engineered bacteria to clean up oil spills through bioremediation.

What role does genetic engineering play in food quality enhancement?

It is used to increase nutritional content and improve taste and texture in certain crops.

How does genetic engineering benefit human health directly?

By developing gene therapy techniques that can cure genetic disorders.

What is a genetically modified organism (GMO)?

An organism whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering techniques.

What is ‘transgenic animal’ in the context of genetic engineering?

An animal that has had a foreign gene deliberately inserted into its genome.

In what way is genetic engineering used in vaccine development?

It is used to create vaccines that contain only the antigens needed for an immune response, not the whole pathogen.

How can genetic engineering help in increasing crop resistance?

By inserting genes that provide resistance to diseases or adverse conditions, like drought.

What ethical concerns are associated with genetic engineering?

Concerns include potential impacts on health, environmental effects, and ethical issues regarding altering life forms.

How might genetic engineering contribute to solving world hunger?

By engineering crops that grow faster, use less resources, or have higher yields.

What is the role of CRISPR in genetic engineering?

CRISPR is a technology that allows precise editing of DNA, making genetic modifications easier and more accurate.

What are some risks associated with genetic engineering?

Potential risks include unintended harm to other organisms, reduced genetic diversity, and ethical dilemmas.