Atoms and Subatomic Particles

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What is an atom?

An atom is the smallest unit of matter that retains the identity of a chemical element.

Name three subatomic particles.

Protons, neutrons, and electrons are the three subatomic particles.

Which subatomic particle has a positive charge?

The proton has a positive charge.

Where are electrons located in an atom?

Electrons are located in the electron cloud surrounding the nucleus of an atom.

What is the charge of a neutron?

A neutron has no charge; it is neutral.

What determines the atomic number of an element?

The atomic number is determined by the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.

What is the mass number of an atom?

The mass number is the sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.

Which subatomic particle is responsible for chemical bonding?

Electrons are responsible for chemical bonding.

What holds the nucleus of an atom together?

The strong nuclear force holds the nucleus together.

How do isotopes of an element differ?

Isotopes of an element have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.

What is an ion?

An ion is an atom or molecule with an unequal number of protons and electrons, resulting in a charge.

Who is credited with the discovery of the electron?

J.J. Thomson is credited with discovering the electron.

What is the relative mass of a proton compared to an electron?

A proton is approximately 1836 times more massive than an electron.

What model of the atom did Niels Bohr propose?

Niels Bohr proposed the Bohr model where electrons orbit the nucleus at specific distances.

Which experiment led to the discovery of the nucleus?

The Gold Foil Experiment conducted by Ernest Rutherford led to the discovery of the nucleus.




Test Your Knowledge

Select the correct option


1. What is an atom?

A combination of protons and electrons

An atom is the smallest unit of matter that retains the identity of a chemical element.

A large particle found in compounds

The force that binds subatomic particles in a molecule

2. Name three subatomic particles.

Neutrons, ions, isotopes

Photons, quarks, leptons

Protons, neutrons, and electrons

Electrons, positrons, gluons

3. Which subatomic particle has a positive charge?

Neutron

Electron

Proton

Positron

4. Where are electrons located in an atom?

In the electron cloud surrounding the nucleus

In the proton shell

In the neutron core

In the central nucleus

5. What is the charge of a neutron?

Positive charge

Negative charge

Variable charge depending on the atom

No charge; it is neutral.

6. What determines the atomic number of an element?

The number of neutrons

The number of electrons

The number of protons in the nucleus

The total mass

7. What is the mass number of an atom?

The sum of electrons and protons

The sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus

The total number of electrons

Difference between protons and electrons

8. Which subatomic particle is responsible for chemical bonding?

Electrons

Neutrons

Positrons

Quarks

9. What holds the nucleus of an atom together?

The strong nuclear force

Gravitational force

Magnetic attraction

Electrostatic force

10. How do isotopes of an element differ?

They have different numbers of electrons but the same number of neutrons.

They differ in chemical properties.

They have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.

They have identical masses but different charges.

11. What is an ion?

A particle with no charge

An atom or molecule with an unequal number of protons and electrons, resulting in a charge.

A nucleus with extra neutrons

A neutral particle in the electron cloud

12. Who is credited with the discovery of the electron?

Albert Einstein

J.J. Thomson

Niels Bohr

James Chadwick

13. What is the relative mass of a proton compared to an electron?

About 200 times more

Approximately 1836 times more massive

Roughly 500 times more

Similar to each other

14. What model of the atom did Niels Bohr propose?

Solid sphere model

Bohr model where electrons orbit the nucleus at specific distances

Thomson's plum pudding model

Quantum mechanical model

15. Which experiment led to the discovery of the nucleus?

Photoelectric experiment

Oil drop experiment by Millikan

The Gold Foil Experiment conducted by Ernest Rutherford

Cathode ray experiment by Thomson