Basics of Physiology

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What is the main function of the heart in the human body?

The heart pumps blood throughout the body, supplying oxygen and nutrients while removing waste.

Why do humans breathe oxygen?

Oxygen is essential for cellular respiration to produce energy in the form of ATP.

What are the main components of the human digestive system?

The main components are the mouth, esophagus, stomach, intestines, liver, and pancreas.

What role do the lungs play in the respiratory system?

The lungs exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood and the air.

How does the kidney contribute to waste removal?

The kidneys filter blood to remove waste and excess water, forming urine.

What is the function of the brain in the nervous system?

The brain controls bodily functions, processes sensory information, and is responsible for thoughts and actions.

How do muscles and bones work together in the body?

Muscles contract to move bones, which are connected by joints, allowing movement.

What is the purpose of white blood cells?

White blood cells defend the body against infections and foreign invaders.

How do hormones affect bodily functions?

Hormones are chemical messengers that regulate various processes like growth, metabolism, and mood.

What is the difference between arteries and veins?

Arteries carry blood away from the heart, and veins carry blood back to the heart.

What is the role of the liver in digestion?

The liver produces bile, which helps digest fats, and detoxifies the blood.

How does the skin protect the body?

The skin acts as a barrier against pathogens, regulates temperature, and prevents water loss.

What system controls the body's response to fight or flight situations?

The sympathetic nervous system controls the fight or flight response.

Why is the endocrine system important?

The endocrine system regulates hormones that control many body functions, like growth and metabolism.

What is homeostasis?

Homeostasis is the process of maintaining a stable internal environment in the body.