Biotechnology: Basics and Techniques

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What is biotechnology?

Biotechnology is the use of living organisms, or systems, to develop or make products for specific uses.

Name one traditional biotechnology method.

Fermentation is a traditional biotechnology method used to produce products like beer and yogurt.

What is genetic engineering?

Genetic engineering is the direct manipulation of an organism's genes using biotechnology.

What is DNA cloning?

DNA cloning is a technique that allows scientists to produce multiple, identical copies of a particular piece of DNA.

How is CRISPR used in biotechnology?

CRISPR is a tool for editing genes, allowing researchers to easily modify DNA sequences and gene function.

Define biopharmaceuticals.

Biopharmaceuticals are medical drugs produced using biotechnology.

What is PCR and its significance?

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is a method used to make millions of copies of a specific DNA segment, crucial for genetic analysis.

Name an application of biotechnology in agriculture.

Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are used in agriculture to improve crop yield and resistance to pests.

What is tissue culture?

Tissue culture is a technique for growing plant or animal cells in a nutrient medium under sterile conditions.

What role does biotechnology play in environmental protection?

Biotechnology aids in environmental protection through bioremediation, which uses organisms to clean polluted environments.

What is the Human Genome Project?

The Human Genome Project was an international research effort to determine the sequence of the human genome and identify its genes.

What is recombinant DNA technology?

Recombinant DNA technology involves combining DNA from different organisms to create new genetic combinations.

How does biotechnology contribute to healthcare?

Biotechnology contributes to healthcare by developing vaccines, antibiotics, and personalized medicine.

What is gene therapy?

Gene therapy is a technique that uses genes to treat or prevent disease by inserting them into a patient's cells.

Name a biotechnology-derived food product.

Cheese is a biotechnology-derived food product, as it uses microbial enzymes in its production process.