Causes of the Scramble for Africa

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What economic motivations drove European nations to participate in the Scramble for Africa?

European nations were motivated by the desire for new markets, raw materials, and profitable investments. Industrialization increased the demand for resources like rubber, ivory, and minerals, which Africa had in abundance.

How did geopolitical interests play a role in the Scramble for Africa?

European nations sought to increase their political power and prestige by expanding their territories. Control over African regions was seen as a way to increase national security and global influence.

Which technological advancements facilitated European colonization during the Scramble for Africa?

Advancements like the Maxim gun, steamships, and medical improvements such as quinine, which combated malaria, enabled Europeans to penetrate deeper into Africa.

How did social Darwinism justify European colonization in Africa?

Social Darwinism was the belief that certain races were superior and thus had the right to dominate 'lesser' races. This ideology provided a moral justification for imperialism, framing it as a 'civilizing mission.'

What role did African resistance play during the Scramble for Africa?

African resistance varied across the continent, with some groups engaging in military conflict and others adopting diplomacy. Resistance slowed down but ultimately did not prevent European domination.

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