A synthesis reaction is when two or more simple substances combine to form a more complex substance. The general form is A + B → AB.
What is a decomposition reaction?
A decomposition reaction occurs when a single compound breaks down into two or more simpler substances. The general form is AB → A + B.
What happens in a single displacement reaction?
In a single displacement reaction, an element replaces a similar element in a compound. The general form is A + BC → B + AC.
What is a double displacement reaction?
Double displacement reactions involve the exchange of ions between two compounds to form two new compounds. AB + CD → AD + CB.
Describe a combustion reaction.
A combustion reaction is a chemical process where a substance reacts with oxygen, releasing energy in the form of light or heat, typically producing carbon dioxide and water.
What is an example of a synthesis reaction in everyday life?
An example of a synthesis reaction is the formation of water from hydrogen and oxygen gases: 2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O.
Give an example of a decomposition reaction in the human body.
The decomposition of hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen by the enzyme catalase is an example: 2H₂O₂ → 2H₂O + O₂.
Explain a real-world example of a single displacement reaction.
A real-world example is the reaction of zinc with hydrochloric acid, where zinc displaces hydrogen: Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl₂ + H₂.
What real-world processes rely on double displacement reactions?
Precipitation and neutralization reactions rely on double displacement. For example, mixing silver nitrate and sodium chloride forms white precipitate of silver chloride.
What signifies a combustion reaction in automotive engines?
In automotive engines, combustion reactions are indicated by the burning of fuel (petrol/diesel) with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide, water, and energy.
What is an oxidation-reduction reaction?
An oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction is a chemical reaction involving the transfer of electrons between two species. Oxidation involves losing electrons, while reduction means gaining electrons.
How does rusting represent a chemical reaction?
Rusting is an oxidation-reduction reaction where iron reacts with oxygen and water to form iron oxide, commonly seen as rust.
What role do catalysts play in chemical reactions?
Catalysts speed up a chemical reaction without being consumed by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to occur.
Explain the concept of reaction rate.
Reaction rate refers to how quickly a reaction occurs, measured by the change in concentration of reactants or products over time.
What are exothermic and endothermic reactions?
Exothermic reactions release energy, often as heat or light, while endothermic reactions absorb energy, requiring an input for the reaction to proceed.