Enhancements in Astronomy and Physics

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Which observatory, founded by Islamic scientists, advanced astronomical studies?

Maragheh observatory.

Who is known for critiquing and refining Ptolemaic astronomy?

Nasir al-Din al-Tusi.

What was Al-Farghani's contribution to astronomy?

He summarized and expanded upon Ptolemy's Almagest, focusing on motions of celestial bodies.

What is the 'Tusi-couple'?

A mathematical device used to model planetary motion.

Which scholar’s model of the planetary system anticipated Copernicus?

Ibn al-Shatir.

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