Feedback inhibition is a regulatory mechanism where the end product of a metabolic pathway inhibits an enzyme involved earlier in the pathway.
How does feedback inhibition benefit a cell?
It prevents the overproduction of substances, conserving energy and resources within the cell.
What is an example of feedback inhibition in cellular pathways?
An example is the inhibition of isoleucine synthesis in bacteria, where isoleucine inhibits the first enzyme in its production pathway.
Which type of enzyme often acts as the regulatory point in feedback inhibition?
Allosteric enzymes often serve as regulatory points in feedback inhibition.
Can feedback inhibition occur at multiple points within a pathway?
Yes, feedback inhibition can occur at multiple points to finely control a metabolic pathway.
Is feedback inhibition a reversible process?
Yes, feedback inhibition is usually reversible, allowing pathways to resume activity when necessary.
What is the role of the end product in feedback inhibition?
The end product binds to an enzyme in the pathway, inhibiting its activity and thus controlling the pathway.
How does feedback inhibition relate to enzyme kinetics?
Feedback inhibition affects enzyme kinetics by reducing the enzyme's activity, altering the pathway's rate.
What is the significance of feedback inhibition in pharmaceutical applications?
Feedback inhibition principles can be used to design drugs that mimic inhibitors to regulate biochemical pathways.
How does ATP act in feedback inhibition?
ATP often acts as an allosteric inhibitor in its own production pathways, like glycolysis.
Why is feedback inhibition considered an example of negative feedback?
Because it reduces the activity of the pathway upon accumulation of the end product, thus preventing excessive buildup.
Can feedback inhibition be overcome naturally in cells?
Yes, changes in substrate concentration or conditions can overcome feedback inhibition.
What is the difference between feedback inhibition and competitive inhibition?
Feedback inhibition involves the end product inhibiting earlier enzymes, while competitive inhibition involves substrates competing for the same enzyme active site.
Is feedback inhibition exclusive to metabolic pathways?
No, feedback inhibition can occur in various biological processes beyond metabolic pathways.
What happens to pathway flux in feedback inhibition?
Pathway flux decreases as the metabolic rate diminishes due to inhibition of the initial or rate-limiting step.