French Revolution: Reactions and Outcomes

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What was the Reign of Terror and its purpose during the French Revolution?

The Reign of Terror was a period of extreme measures to eliminate opposition to the Revolution, involving mass executions.

How did the French monarchy react to the Revolution?

Initially with attempts to placate demands, but as tensions rose, the monarchy resisted reforms, eventually leading to its downfall.

What was the goal of the counter-revolutionary forces in France?

To restore the monarchy and reverse the revolutionary changes implemented by the revolutionaries.

How did the National Convention influence the French Revolution's trajectory?

The National Convention governed during the revolution's critical phases, implementing radical laws and directing the war effort.

What was the outcome of the War of the First Coalition for revolutionary France?

The war united French citizens against external threats and solidified the revolution, but also led to widespread instability and conscription.

What was the impact of the fall of the Bastille on French society and politics?

It emboldened revolutionary fervor and was a turning point that convinced many that change was both possible and necessary.

Why was the revolutionary calendar introduced and what did it signify?

To break away from 'old regime' influences, it was a symbol of revolutionary ideals, emphasizing reason and secularism.

How did the French Revolution affect the Catholic Church's power in France?

It diminished the Church's power through secular policies like the Civil Constitution of the Clergy, stripping it of political influence.

What were the 'September Massacres' and their consequences?

A series of killings in Paris prisons of suspected counter-revolutionaries, escalating fear and radicalization in revolution politics.

What was the Thermidorian Reaction and its effect on the revolution?

It was the backlash against the Reign of Terror, leading to the fall of Robespierre and a more conservative phase in the revolution.

How did international reactions to the French Revolution shape its progress?

Fear of revolutionary spread led to wars and coalitions against France, intensifying internal and external conflicts.

What structural changes occurred in France as a result of the Revolution?

Feudal privileges were abolished, a merit-based society emerged, and legal and educational reforms set the foundation for modern France.

What were some economic impacts of the French Revolution on France?

The Revolution led to economic turmoil, currency depreciation, but also redistribution of church lands and abolition of feudal dues.

How did Napoleon Bonaparte rise to power from the French Revolution?

Through his military successes, he gained popularity and political clout, eventually leading to his coup d'état and rise as Emperor.

What lasting global impacts did the French Revolution have?

It spread democratic ideals, inspired future revolutions, and redefined the citizen's role in government worldwide.





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1. What was the Reign of Terror and its purpose during the French Revolution?

To establish a constitutional monarchy in France.

To stabilize the French economy through agricultural reforms.

The Reign of Terror was a period of extreme measures to eliminate opposition to the Revolution, involving mass executions.

To create a diplomatic alliance with neighboring countries.

2. How did the French monarchy react to the Revolution?

The monarchy fully supported revolutionary reforms and aligned with the National Convention.

Initially with attempts to placate demands, but as tensions rose, the monarchy resisted reforms, eventually leading to its downfall.

The monarchy declared war against the revolutionaries immediately.

The monarchy retreated to Austria seeking asylum and military support.

3. What was the goal of the counter-revolutionary forces in France?

To restore the monarchy and reverse the revolutionary changes implemented by the revolutionaries.

To establish a stronger republican government with no monarchy.

To support Napoleonic rule and end the wars abroad.

To reinforce the National Assembly and its legislative power.

4. How did the National Convention influence the French Revolution's trajectory?

It limited the powers of the Committee of Public Safety, providing more freedoms to the people.

It dissolved all revolutionary tribunals, easing tensions during the Revolution.

The National Convention governed during the revolution's critical phases, implementing radical laws and directing the war effort.

It organized a peace treaty with European monarchies to end hostilities.

5. What was the outcome of the War of the First Coalition for revolutionary France?

The war united French citizens against external threats and solidified the revolution, but also led to widespread instability and conscription.

France quickly lost the war, prompting a return to monarchy.

The war resulted in a territory expansion and diplomatic peace with Britain.

It had no significant effect on French society and politics.

6. What was the impact of the fall of the Bastille on French society and politics?

It led to the immediate end of all revolutionary activities as peace was reached.

It emboldened revolutionary fervor and was a turning point that convinced many that change was both possible and necessary.

It had a limited impact, mainly serving as a cultural symbol rather than a political catalyst.

It prompted international support for the French monarchy from neighboring countries.

7. Why was the revolutionary calendar introduced and what did it signify?

To break away from 'old regime' influences, it was a symbol of revolutionary ideals, emphasizing reason and secularism.

To ensure better agricultural cycles and harvests by making months longer.

To create a unique cultural identity separate from the rest of Europe.

To align France's timekeeping with that of the Ming Dynasty in China.

8. How did the French Revolution affect the Catholic Church's power in France?

The Church maintained its power with additional privileges granted by the revolutionaries.

The Church's influence expanded as it became more involved in politics.

It diminished the Church's power through secular policies like the Civil Constitution of the Clergy, stripping it of political influence.

The Church was fully integrated into the new government as a state religion.

9. What were the 'September Massacres' and their consequences?

A peaceful demonstration advocating for human rights that the monarchy suppressed.

A celebratory event where revolutionary leaders were honored for their actions.

A treaty negotiation with royalists that resulted in peace.

A series of killings in Paris prisons of suspected counter-revolutionaries, escalating fear and radicalization in revolution politics.

10. What was the Thermidorian Reaction and its effect on the revolution?

It was the backlash against the Reign of Terror, leading to the fall of Robespierre and a more conservative phase in the revolution.

The establishment of new agricultural laws that promoted rapid reforestation.

The immediate abolition of all revolutionary changes and return to monarchy.

An initiative to recruit more women into the French military.

11. How did international reactions to the French Revolution shape its progress?

International reactions had no effect on the revolution at all.

Fear of revolutionary spread led to wars and coalitions against France, intensifying internal and external conflicts.

All European monarchies immediately supported France in an alliance.

They encouraged peaceful diplomatic exchanges and strengthening of revolutionary reforms.

12. What structural changes occurred in France as a result of the Revolution?

A return to pre-revolutionary feudal systems and centralized religious authorities.

Feudal privileges were abolished, a merit-based society emerged, and legal and educational reforms set the foundation for modern France.

The establishment of a new monarchy with increased ties to the Ottoman Empire.

A complete isolation from all forms of self-government.

13. What were some economic impacts of the French Revolution on France?

The Revolution led to economic turmoil, currency depreciation, but also redistribution of church lands and abolition of feudal dues.

Instant and sustained economic prosperity with significant foreign investments.

The continuation of royal property funds boosting aristocratic wealth only.

A conversion of all assets into government-held land.

14. How did Napoleon Bonaparte rise to power from the French Revolution?

He was appointed by King Louis XVI as a compromise to end the Revolution.

He inherited power through a royal line, becoming a legitimate monarch of France.

Through his military successes, he gained popularity and political clout, eventually leading to his coup d'état and rise as Emperor.

Through diplomatic negotiations with Britain restoring the monarchy.

15. What lasting global impacts did the French Revolution have?

It isolated France from the international community for decades.

It primarily affected French culinary traditions worldwide.

It had little influence outside of Europe and was quickly forgotten.

It spread democratic ideals, inspired future revolutions, and redefined the citizen's role in government worldwide.