Galvanometer Principle

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What is the working principle of a galvanometer?

A galvanometer works on the principle that a current-carrying coil placed in a magnetic field experiences a torque, causing it to rotate.

What is the role of the magnetic field in a galvanometer?

The magnetic field provides the necessary force that interacts with the current-carrying coil to produce a measurable rotation of the needle.

How does the pointer in a galvanometer indicate current?

The pointer attached to the rotating coil deflects over a scale, with the angle of deflection indicating the intensity of the current.

What type of current does a galvanometer measure?

A galvanometer measures direct current (DC).

Why is damping necessary in a galvanometer?

Damping is necessary to prevent the pointer from oscillating and to make it quickly settle at the correct position.

What is a moving coil galvanometer?

A moving coil galvanometer is a device where a coil suspended in a magnetic field rotates to measure current.

How is sensitivity increased in a galvanometer?

Sensitivity in a galvanometer is increased by using a stronger magnetic field and increasing the number of turns in the coil.

What is the purpose of a suspension wire in a galvanometer?

The suspension wire holds the coil and provides electrical connections, allowing it to rotate freely while carrying current.

What happens when a galvanometer is connected in series with a circuit?

When a galvanometer is connected in series, it measures the total current flowing through the circuit.

Name two types of damping used in galvanometers.

Two types of damping used in galvanometers are eddy current damping and air damping.

What is the zero current position in a galvanometer?

The zero current position is where the pointer rests when no current flows, typically at the center or one end of the scale.

How does a galvanometer differ from an ammeter?

A galvanometer can detect and measure small currents, while an ammeter is an extension with added resistance to measure larger currents.

Why is a soft iron core used in galvanometers?

A soft iron core intensifies the magnetic field within the coil, increasing the device's sensitivity to current.

What is the function of a hair spring in a galvanometer?

The hair spring provides a restoring force that helps the coil return to zero position when current is removed.

How does temperature affect a galvanometer's accuracy?

Temperature variations can affect the resistance of the coil, impacting the galvanometer's sensitivity and accuracy.

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