Harijan Movement and Gandhi

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What was the Harijan Movement?

The Harijan Movement was a social and political campaign initiated by Mahatma Gandhi in the 1930s to improve the status and rights of the untouchables in India.

Who were considered Harijans?

Harijans were individuals from the lower caste communities considered 'untouchables', a term Gandhi used to humanize and elevate their status.

What methods did Gandhi employ in the Harijan Movement?

Gandhi employed methods such as peaceful protests, social reforms, and educational campaigns to promote the welfare of Harijans.

When did the Harijan Movement start?

The Harijan Movement started in the 1930s, gaining momentum in the early 1930s.

Why did Gandhi choose the term Harijan?

Gandhi chose the term Harijan to denote that the untouchables were 'children of God', thus seeking to elevate their dignity and status.

What impact did the Harijan Movement have on Indian society?

The Harijan Movement raised awareness about the plight of the untouchables and played a significant role in changing public opinion and policy towards caste discrimination.

How did the Harijan Sevak Sangh contribute to the movement?

The Harijan Sevak Sangh, an organization founded by Gandhi, worked towards the socio-economic upliftment of the Harijans.

What challenges did the Harijan Movement face?

The Harijan Movement faced resistance from orthodox Hindus, political tensions, and difficulties in altering entrenched social norms.

In what way did the Harijan Movement influence the Indian Constitution?

The movement influenced the inclusion of provisions against untouchability, promoting equality and non-discrimination under Articles 17, 15, and 15(4) of the Indian Constitution.

What is the legacy of the Harijan Movement today?

The legacy of the Harijan Movement is evident in modern India’s continuous fight against caste discrimination and policies supporting equality.

What was the aim of Gandhi's fasts during the Harijan Movement?

Gandhi's fasts were aimed at garnering support for the Harijans and drawing attention to their plight, promoting social empathy and policy change.

Which temple became a focal point for Gandhi’s efforts in the movement?

The Guruvayur Temple in Kerala was one of the focal points for Gandhi's temple entry campaign during the Harijan Movement.

How did Gandhi’s work with Harijans reflect his concept of Satyagraha?

Gandhi's work with Harijans was aligned with Satyagraha, emphasizing truth and non-violence to bring about social change.

What significant agreement was influenced by the Harijan Movement?

The Poona Pact of 1932 was significantly influenced by Gandhi’s protest and advocacy during the Harijan Movement.

What role did education play in the Harijan Movement?

Education was critical in the Harijan Movement, as Gandhi believed it was essential for Harijans to achieve social and economic empowerment.

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