HIV/AIDS: Causes and Effects

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What is HIV?

HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) is a virus that attacks the immune system, specifically the CD4 cells.

How is HIV transmitted?

HIV is transmitted through bodily fluids such as blood, semen, vaginal fluids, and breast milk.

What is AIDS?

AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) is the final stage of HIV infection, where the immune system becomes severely compromised.

What are common symptoms of HIV?

Symptoms of HIV can include fever, sore throat, fatigue, weight loss, and swollen lymph glands.

How is HIV diagnosed?

HIV is diagnosed through blood or saliva tests that detect the presence of the virus or the antibodies against it.

What treatments are available for HIV?

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is the main treatment for HIV, helping to control the virus and improve quality of life.

How has HIV/AIDS affected global population health?

HIV/AIDS has caused millions of deaths worldwide, particularly affecting populations in sub-Saharan Africa.

What preventive measures help reduce the spread of HIV?

Preventive measures include condom use, needle exchange programs, and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP).

What social impacts has HIV/AIDS had?

The HIV/AIDS epidemic has led to stigma and discrimination, affecting social networks and community cohesion.

How does HIV affect an individual's immune system?

HIV targets and destroys CD4 cells, weakening the immune system and making the body vulnerable to opportunistic infections.

What are some common opportunistic infections in AIDS patients?

Common infections include tuberculosis, certain types of pneumonia, and Kaposi's sarcoma.

How can mother-to-child transmission of HIV be prevented?

Antiretroviral drugs during pregnancy and exclusive breastfeeding can reduce the risk of mother-to-child transmission.

What role does education play in controlling HIV/AIDS?

Education helps raise awareness about prevention, transmission, and the importance of testing and treatment.

Describe the impact of HIV/AIDS on the economy.

HIV/AIDS impacts the economy by reducing the workforce, increasing healthcare costs, and decreasing productivity.

What are the goals of the global fight against HIV/AIDS?

Goals include increasing access to ART, reducing new infections, and eliminating mother-to-child transmission.