Human Reproductive System: Overview

Click on the flashcard to see the answer



What are the primary functions of the human reproductive system?

The primary functions are to produce gametes (sperm and eggs), facilitate fertilization, and enable the development of offspring.

Name the main reproductive organs in males and their functions.

The main male reproductive organs are testes (produce sperm and testosterone) and penis (delivers sperm).

What role do the ovaries play in the female reproductive system?

Ovaries produce eggs (ova) and hormones like estrogen and progesterone.

Why is the menstrual cycle important?

The menstrual cycle prepares the female body for pregnancy by promoting ovulation and preparing the uterine lining.

What is fertilization in terms of reproduction?

Fertilization is the union of a sperm cell and an egg cell to form a zygote.

Which hormone is primarily responsible for the development of male secondary sexual characteristics?

Testosterone is primarily responsible for the development of male secondary sexual characteristics.

What is the function of the fallopian tubes?

Fallopian tubes transport eggs from the ovaries to the uterus and are the site where most fertilization occurs.

Explain the role of the uterus in reproduction.

The uterus houses and nourishes the developing fetus during pregnancy.

How does the structure of sperm contribute to its function?

Sperm have a streamlined shape with a head for penetrating the egg, a midsection packed with mitochondria for energy, and a tail for mobility.

Describe the changes that occur in the endometrium during the menstrual cycle.

The endometrium thickens in preparation for a potential pregnancy and sheds if fertilization does not occur.

What is the role of the cervix in the female reproductive system?

The cervix connects the uterus to the vagina and allows the passage of sperm into the uterus and menstrual blood out of the uterus.

Which gland in the male reproductive system produces the fluid that nourishes and transports sperm?

The seminal vesicles produce a fluid that nourishes and transports sperm.

What hormonal changes trigger ovulation?

A surge in luteinizing hormone (LH) triggers ovulation.

Define implantation in the reproductive process.

Implantation is the process where a fertilized egg attaches to the lining of the uterus.

What is the significance of the placenta during pregnancy?

The placenta provides oxygen and nutrients to the growing fetus and removes waste products from the fetus's blood.