Introduction to Circuits

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What is an electric circuit?

An electric circuit is a closed loop or pathway that allows electric current to flow, powered by a source of electricity.

What are the two main types of circuits?

The two main types of circuits are series circuits and parallel circuits.

Define a series circuit.

A series circuit is an electric circuit in which components are connected end-to-end in a single path for the current to flow.

Define a parallel circuit.

A parallel circuit is an electric circuit where components are connected across common points or junctions, allowing multiple paths for current flow.

What is meant by the term ‘current’?

Current is the flow of electric charge through a conductor, typically measured in amperes (A).

What is the difference between AC and DC current?

AC (Alternating Current) changes direction periodically, while DC (Direct Current) flows in one direction consistently.

What constitutes a basic circuit?

A basic circuit consists of a power source, conductors, a load, and, often, a switch.

What role does a resistor play in a circuit?

A resistor limits or regulates the flow of electrical current in a circuit.

What is a short circuit?

A short circuit occurs when there's a low-resistance connection between two conductors supplying electrical power to a circuit.

What is the function of a capacitor in a circuit?

A capacitor stores and releases electrical energy in a circuit as needed.

How does adding more components in a series affect the total resistance?

Adding more components in series increases the total resistance of the circuit.

How does adding more paths in parallel affect the total resistance?

Adding more paths in parallel decreases the total resistance of the circuit.

What is the role of a switch in a circuit?

A switch controls the operation of a circuit by opening (off) or closing (on) the circuit path.

What safety device protects circuits from excess current?

Circuit breakers and fuses protect circuits from excess current by interrupting the flow when current is too high.

What is a circuit diagram?

A circuit diagram is a representation using symbols to show how electrical components are connected in a circuit.

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