Introduction to Functional Groups

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What is a functional group in organic chemistry?

A functional group is a specific group of atoms within a molecule that is responsible for a characteristic chemical reaction of that molecule.

Why are functional groups important in organic chemistry?

Functional groups are important because they determine the reactivity and physical properties of an organic compound.

What are some examples of functional groups?

Examples include hydroxyl, carbonyl, carboxyl, amino, and alkyl groups.

How do functional groups affect molecule polarity?

Functional groups can introduce polarity to molecules, making them more soluble in water or other polar solvents.

What is the role of the hydroxyl group?

The hydroxyl group (–OH) is responsible for forming alcohols and phenols, and it increases water solubility and potential hydrogen bonding.

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