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Menstrual Cycle Phases
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What are the four main phases of the menstrual cycle?
The four main phases are the menstrual phase, follicular phase, ovulation, and luteal phase.
What occurs during the menstrual phase?
The uterine lining sheds, resulting in menstrual bleeding, lasting 3-7 days.
What is the key event in the follicular phase?
The growth of follicles in the ovary, leading to the maturation of an egg, supported by increasing estrogen levels.
When does ovulation typically occur in the cycle?
Ovulation usually occurs around day 14 of a 28-day cycle, when a mature egg is released from an ovary.
What marks the luteal phase?
The luteal phase is marked by the presence of the corpus luteum, which secretes progesterone to maintain the uterine lining.
How long does the luteal phase typically last?
The luteal phase typically lasts about 14 days.
What hormonal changes occur during the follicular phase?
During the follicular phase, estrogen levels rise as FSH promotes follicular growth.
What hormone is responsible for triggering ovulation?
Luteinizing hormone (LH) is responsible for triggering ovulation.
What are some physical symptoms a person might experience during ovulation?
Some people experience mild abdominal pain, increased basal body temperature, and changes in cervical mucus during ovulation.
Why is progesterone important during the luteal phase?
Progesterone stabilizes the uterine lining to prepare for potential implantation of a fertilized egg.
What leads to the onset of menstruation if pregnancy has not occurred?
A drop in progesterone and estrogen levels leads to the onset of menstruation.
Can the length of the menstrual cycle vary among individuals?
Yes, the menstrual cycle can vary in length, commonly ranging from 21 to 35 days.
What role does the hypothalamus play in the menstrual cycle?
The hypothalamus releases GnRH, which regulates the release of FSH and LH from the pituitary gland.
How might stress affect the menstrual cycle?
Stress can disrupt hormonal balance, potentially delaying ovulation and affecting cycle length.
What is the significance of cervical mucus changes during the cycle?
Cervical mucus changes help indicate fertility, becoming clearer and stretchy during ovulation.
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