The photoelectric effect is the emission of electrons from a material when it absorbs light of sufficient energy.
Who introduced the theory of special relativity?
Albert Einstein introduced the theory of special relativity in 1905.
What is Planck's constant and why is it significant?
Planck's constant is a fundamental constant used to describe the sizes of quanta. Its approximate value is 6.63 × 10^-34 Js.
Define Heisenberg's uncertainty principle.
Heisenberg's uncertainty principle states that the position and momentum of a particle cannot be simultaneously measured with precision.
What is the dual nature of light?
Light exhibits both wave-like and particle-like properties, known as wave-particle duality.
Explain de Broglie's hypothesis.
De Broglie's hypothesis proposes that all matter has wave-like properties, particularly noticeable at atomic scales.
What is Schrödinger's equation?
Schrödinger's equation is a foundational equation in quantum mechanics that describes how the quantum state of a physical system changes over time.
What are virtual particles?
Virtual particles are temporary particles that exist during quantum interactions, often only inside reactions, and they cannot be directly observed.
Describe the concept of a quantum tunnel.
Quantum tunneling is a phenomenon where particles pass through a barrier that they classically shouldn't be able to cross.
What is the significance of the Pauli exclusion principle?
The Pauli exclusion principle states that no two fermions can occupy the same quantum state within a quantum system.
Define quantum entanglement.
Quantum entanglement is a phenomenon where two or more particles become interconnected and the state of one can instantly influence the other, regardless of distance.
What are blackbody radiations?
Blackbody radiation is the emission of electromagnetic radiation by an idealized object which absorbs all incoming radiation.
What theory did Paul Dirac help develop?
Paul Dirac contributed to the development of quantum mechanics and quantum field theory, including predicting the existence of anti-particles.
What is meant by the term 'quantum superposition'?
Quantum superposition refers to a system existing in multiple states simultaneously until it is observed or measured.
Explain what an electron cloud is.
An electron cloud is the region around the nucleus where electrons are most likely to be found, representing the probability distribution of an electron's position.