Organic compounds containing oxygen.
Organic compounds composed entirely of carbon and hydrogen atoms.
Molecules formed by nitrogen and carbon atoms.
Inorganic compounds with metallic elements.
Hydrocarbons with double bonds, known as olefins.
Unsaturated hydrocarbons with triple bonds.
Hydrocarbons with aromatic rings.
Saturated hydrocarbons with single carbon-carbon bonds, often called paraffins.
Alkenes contain at least one carbon-carbon double bond.
They have a single carbon-carbon bond.
They contain at least one carbon-nitrogen bond.
They have aromatic rings.
CnH2n+2
CnH2n-2
CnHn
CnH2n
Aromatic hydrocarbons have only double bonds.
They react more aggressively with acids.
Aromatic hydrocarbons contain a planar ring of atoms that follows Huckel's rule, often involving delocalized electrons.
Aromatic hydrocarbons do not form rings.
Methane
Ethylene
Butane
Benzene
A specific grouping of atoms within molecules that determine their chemical reactions and properties.
A group of elements forming metals.
A chain of hydrocarbons with similar functions.
A mix of gases under standard conditions.
Carboxyl group (-COOH)
Hydroxyl group (-OH)
Amino group (-NH2)
Nitro group (-NO2)
Hydroxyl group (-OH)
Carboxyl group (-COOH)
Aldehyde group (-CHO)
Ester group (-COOR)
Compounds that differ in atomic number.
Compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements.
Elements with different masses.
Identical substances with same physical form.
Isomers that differ in evaporation rates.
Isomers forming metals.
Isomers that have the same sequence of bonded atoms, but different 3D orientations.
Isomers with the same color.
Methane
Glucose, existing as D-glucose and L-glucose.
Ethanol
Benzene
Long chains of repeating units called monomers.
A mix of hydrogen and oxygen atoms.
Heavy metal ions.
Basic sugar molecules.
Forming natural diamonds.
Used in producing plastic materials such as PVC.
Conducting electricity in its pure form.
Preserving ancient wood artifacts.
Shorter chains increase flexibility and reduce durability.
Longer chain lengths generally increase tensile strength and durability.
Chain length has no effect on properties.
Chain length reduces polymer weight.