Periodic Trends: Metallic and Nonmetallic Character

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What is metallic character?

Metallic character refers to an element's ability to lose electrons and form positive ions (cations).

How does metallic character change across a period?

Metallic character decreases across a period from left to right.

How does metallic character change down a group?

Metallic character increases down a group.

What is nonmetallic character?

Nonmetallic character refers to an element's tendency to gain electrons to form negative ions (anions).

How does nonmetallic character change across a period?

Nonmetallic character increases across a period from left to right.

How does nonmetallic character change down a group?

Nonmetallic character decreases down a group.

What is the trend for reactivity of metals in the periodic table?

Reactivity of metals increases down a group and decreases across a period.

What is the trend for reactivity of nonmetals in the periodic table?

Reactivity of nonmetals decreases down a group and increases across a period.

Why do metals lose electrons more easily down a group?

As atomic radius increases, the outer electrons are less attracted to the nucleus, making electron loss easier.

What property of nonmetals is associated with their high electronegativity?

Nonmetals have high electronegativity, meaning they strongly attract electrons in chemical bonds.

Which element is a liquid nonmetal at room temperature?

Bromine is a liquid nonmetal at room temperature.

Which period 3 element has the highest metallic character?

Sodium has the highest metallic character among period 3 elements.

Why is fluorine a highly reactive nonmetal?

Fluorine has high electronegativity and a small atomic radius, allowing it to attract electrons strongly.

How does alloy formation relate to metallic character?

Metals, due to their metallic character, can lose electrons to form alloys, mixing with other metals or nonmetals.

Which group of elements shows the most variation in metallic character?

The transition metals show a wide range of metallic character due to variable oxidation states.