Phase Changes

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What is a phase change?

A phase change is a transition between different states of matter: solid, liquid, and gas, by adding or removing energy.

What occurs during melting?

During melting, a solid absorbs heat and changes into a liquid.

What is sublimation?

Sublimation is the direct transition from a solid state to a gaseous state without first becoming liquid.

What is freezing?

Freezing is the process where a liquid turns into a solid by losing heat.

What happens during vaporization?

Vaporization is the phase change from liquid to gas, which includes boiling and evaporation.

What is condensation?

Condensation is the change of state from gas to liquid when vapor loses heat.

What is deposition?

Deposition is the direct phase transition from gas to solid, bypassing the liquid state.

What are the factors affecting phase changes?

Factors include temperature, pressure, and the substance's chemical nature.

How does pressure affect boiling?

Higher pressure raises the boiling point of a liquid, requiring more heat to vaporize.

Why is heat required for a phase change?

Heat provides the energy necessary for molecules to overcome the forces holding them in a particular state.

What is a phase diagram?

A phase diagram is a graphical representation of the states of matter of a substance under different conditions of temperature and pressure.

What is meant by the term 'latent heat'?

Latent heat is the energy absorbed or released during a phase change without temperature change.

What occurs at the melting point?

At the melting point, a substance transitions between solid and liquid at equilibrium, given constant pressure.

What is evaporation, and how is it different from boiling?

Evaporation is the slow phase change from liquid to gas occurring at the surface, not requiring boiling temperatures.

What is the triple point in a phase change context?

The triple point is the condition at which all three phases of a substance can exist in equilibrium simultaneously.

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