Properties of Transition Metals

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What is a transition metal?

Transition metals are elements found in the d-block of the periodic table which have partially filled d orbitals.

Where are transition metals located on the periodic table?

Transition metals are located in groups 3 to 12 on the periodic table.

List three common properties of transition metals.

They are typically good conductors of heat and electricity, have high melting points, and are often magnetic.

Why do transition metals have multiple oxidation states?

They have multiple oxidation states due to the ability to lose different numbers of d electrons.

Why are transition metals often used as catalysts?

Transition metals are used as catalysts because they can lend and take electrons easily from other substances, facilitating chemical reactions.

Name two transition metals that are known for their ability to form colorful compounds.

Copper and chromium are known for forming colorful compounds.

What is the electron configuration feature that defines transition metals?

They have an incomplete d subshell in any of their commonly occurring oxidation states.

Which property of transition metals is used in the creation of steel?

The ability to create alloys, particularly with iron, is crucial for steel production.

What is a common use of platinum, a transition metal?

Platinum is commonly used in catalytic converters to reduce vehicle emissions.

Which transition metal is known for its magnetic properties?

Iron is a transition metal known for its strong magnetic properties.

What is the role of transition metals in biological systems?

They play critical roles in biological systems, such as iron in hemoglobin which transports oxygen.

How do transition metals often interact with ligands?

They often form complex ions by coordinating with ligands, which donate electron pairs to the metal.

What is a characteristic of transition metal compounds that affects their color?

The color is often due to d-d electron transitions which are enabled by the presence of unfilled d orbitals.

Why is silver considered a transition metal even though its full d orbital in the elemental state?

Silver is considered a transition metal because it can lose an s electron to form compounds, revealing its d orbital.

Name a transition metal that is often used in coins.

Nickel is often used in coins due to its corrosion resistance and metallic luster.