Psychological Disorders

What is a psychological disorder?

A syndrome characterized by clinically significant disturbance in an individual's cognition, emotion regulation, or behavior.

Name three common psychological disorders.

Depression, anxiety disorders, and schizophrenia.

What are the symptoms of Major Depressive Disorder?

Persistently depressed mood, loss of interest in activities, guilt, and poor concentration.

What is the DSM-5?

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, used for diagnosing mental disorders.

What is anxiety disorder?

A group of mental disorders characterized by significant feelings of anxiety and fear.

Describe the main characteristic of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD).

Recurrent, unwanted thoughts (obsessions) and/or repetitive behaviors (compulsions).

What is a phobia?

An overwhelming and irrational fear of an object, place, situation, feeling, or animal.

What are the positive symptoms of schizophrenia?

Hallucinations, delusions, and thought disorders.

Define 'bipolar disorder'.

A mental disorder causing extreme shifts in mood, energy, and activity levels.

What is PTSD and what can trigger it?

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, triggered by experiencing or witnessing a traumatic event.

Differentiate between anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa.

Anorexia involves restrictive eating leading to extreme weight loss, while bulimia involves binge eating followed by purging.

What is meant by 'comorbidity' in mental health?

The presence of two or more disorders in the same person.

Name a therapeutic approach for treating PTSD.

Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) or prolonged exposure therapy.

What is the role of neurotransmitters in psychological disorders?

Neurotransmitters are chemicals that transmit signals in the brain and imbalances can contribute to disorders like depression.

What characterizes Dissociative Identity Disorder?

The presence of two or more distinct personality states or identities in one person.