Psychological Perspectives

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What is the primary focus of the psychodynamic perspective?

The psychodynamic perspective focuses on unconscious processes and conflicts stemming from childhood.

Describe the behavioral perspective.

The behavioral perspective examines how environmental interactions influence behavior through learning and conditioning.

What do cognitive psychologists study?

Cognitive psychologists study mental processes such as perception, memory, and problem-solving.

How does the humanistic perspective view human nature?

The humanistic perspective views human nature as inherently good and focuses on personal growth and self-actualization.

What is the main emphasis of the biological perspective in psychology?

The biological perspective emphasizes the role of genetics and brain structures in influencing behavior.

Differentiate between nature and nurture.

Nature refers to genetic inheritance, while nurture relates to environmental influences on behavior.

What is the main focus of social psychology?

Social psychology studies how individuals are influenced by social interactions and group dynamics.

What do evolutionary psychologists study?

Evolutionary psychologists study how evolutionary principles like natural selection influence human behavior.

Give an example of a research method used by behavioral psychologists.

Classical conditioning, pioneered by Pavlov, is a research method used by behavioral psychologists.

Name the founder of the humanistic approach.

Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow are key figures in founding the humanistic approach.

How does the cognitive perspective differ from the behavioral perspective?

The cognitive perspective focuses on internal mental processes, while the behavioral perspective focuses on observable behavior.

What are twin studies used for in psychology?

Twin studies are used to understand the influence of genetics versus environment on behavior.

How does the biological perspective answer why people get depressed?

The biological perspective attributes depression to imbalances in brain chemicals or genetics.

What is a major critique of the psychodynamic perspective?

A major critique is its lack of empirical evidence and overemphasis on childhood experiences.

What are basic criticisms of the humanistic perspective?

Criticisms include its lack of empirical data and overly optimistic view of human nature.