Flashcards on Reproduction in Flowering Plants

1. What is the process by which pollen is transferred from anther to stigma?

Pollination

Fertilization

Germination

Photosynthesis

2. Describe the difference between self-pollination and cross-pollination.

Self-pollination occurs within the same flower or between flowers of the same plant, whereas cross-pollination occurs between flowers of different plants.

Self-pollination involves insects; cross-pollination involves wind.

Both types involve pollen transfer from different plants.

Self-pollination occurs only in gymnosperms; cross-pollination in angiosperms.

3. What are the two main types of reproductive organs in flowers?

Stamen and pistil

Petals and sepals

Leaves and roots

Stem and roots

4. What is the function of a flower's petal?

Petals attract pollinators with their color and scent.

Petals are responsible for photosynthesis.

Petals protect the seeds from predators.

Petals store nutrients.

5. What is double fertilization in flowering plants?

One sperm fertilizes the egg forming a zygote, and the other fuses with two polar nuclei forming endosperm.

Two sperm cells fertilize one egg cell simultaneously.

Double fertilization involves two flowers.

It is the fertilization of both ovary and style.

6. How does the structure of a wind-pollinated flower differ from an animal-pollinated one?

Wind-pollinated flowers lack large brightly colored petals and have long stamens and pistils.

Wind-pollinated flowers are generally larger and more fragrant.

Wind-pollinated flowers have more nectar than animal-pollinated ones.

Wind-pollinated flowers have more vivid colors.

7. What is the role of sepals in a flower?

Sepals protect the flower bud before it opens.

Sepals attract pollinators.

Sepals produce pollen.

Sepals provide nutrients to the flower.

8. What is the ovule in flowering plants?

The ovule is the structure that develops into a seed after fertilization.

The ovule is part of the stem that supports the flower.

The ovule is a component of the pistil involved in photosynthesis.

The ovule is a structure that attracts pollinators.

9. How do seeds form in flowering plants?

Seeds form when an ovule is fertilized by pollen and develops within the ovary.

Seeds form from petals after fertilization.

Seeds form in the roots of the plant.

Seeds form in the pistil after photosynthesis.

10. What is the significance of the endosperm in flowering plants?

The endosperm provides nourishment to the developing embryo within the seed.

The endosperm protects the flower from predators.

The endosperm aids in pollination.

The endosperm assists in photosynthesis.

11. Why is genetic variation important in cross-pollination?

Genetic variation increases biodiversity and can improve a plant's ability to adapt to environments.

Genetic variation prevents plants from producing seeds.

Genetic variation reduces the chances of pollination.

Genetic variation is only beneficial for animals.

12. What structures form the female part of the flower?

The pistil, which includes the stigma, style, and ovary.

The stamen, including anther and filament.

The petals and sepals.

The roots and stem.

13. How is a fruit formed in flowering plants?

Fruit forms from the ovary after fertilization as it contains the developing seeds.

Fruit develops from the roots of the plant.

Fruit is formed from petals after pollination.

Fruit formation occurs in the leaves of flowering plants.

14. What is a pollen tube and what role does it play in fertilization?

A pollen tube grows from a pollen grain down the style to deliver sperm cells to the ovule.

A pollen tube is a structure in the leaf aiding in photosynthesis.

A pollen tube transports nutrients from roots to flowers.

A pollen tube is used to store pollen during winter.

15. Give an example of a plant that uses animal pollinators.

Roses are typically pollinated by insects.

Oak trees, relying solely on the wind.

Cacti, which are self-pollinating.

Pines, which use birds for pollination.

What is the process by which pollen is transferred from anther to stigma?

This process is called pollination.

Describe the difference between self-pollination and cross-pollination.

Self-pollination occurs within the same flower or between flowers of the same plant, whereas cross-pollination occurs between flowers of different plants.

What are the two main types of reproductive organs in flowers?

The two main types of reproductive organs are the stamen (male) and the pistil (female).

What is the function of a flower's petal?

Petals attract pollinators with their color and scent.

What is double fertilization in flowering plants?

Double fertilization is the process where one sperm fertilizes the egg forming a zygote, and the other fuses with two polar nuclei forming endosperm.

How does the structure of a wind-pollinated flower differ from an animal-pollinated one?

Wind-pollinated flowers usually lack large brightly colored petals; they have long stamens and pistils to facilitate catching the wind.

What is the role of sepals in a flower?

Sepals protect the flower bud before it opens.

What is the ovule in flowering plants?

The ovule is the structure that develops into a seed after fertilization.

How do seeds form in flowering plants?

Seeds form when an ovule is fertilized by pollen and develops within the ovary.

What is the significance of the endosperm in flowering plants?

The endosperm provides nourishment to the developing embryo within the seed.

Why is genetic variation important in cross-pollination?

Genetic variation increases biodiversity and can improve a plant's ability to adapt to changing environments.

What structures form the female part of the flower?

The pistil, which includes the stigma, style, and ovary, forms the female part.

How is a fruit formed in flowering plants?