Flashcards on Reproductive System Overview

What are the primary functions of the reproductive system?

The primary functions are to produce gametes, facilitate fertilization, and support the development of a new organism.

Name the male gonads and their primary function.

The male gonads are the testes, and their primary function is to produce sperm and testosterone.

What is the role of the ovaries in the female reproductive system?

The ovaries produce eggs (ova) and secrete hormones such as estrogen and progesterone.

What is fertilization?

Fertilization is the process where a sperm cell and an egg cell combine to form a zygote.

Where does fertilization typically occur in the female reproductive system?

Fertilization typically occurs in the fallopian tubes.

Define gametogenesis.

Gametogenesis is the process of forming gametes, with spermatogenesis occurring in males and oogenesis in females.

Name two hormones involved in the female menstrual cycle.

Estrogen and progesterone.

What is the main function of the uterus?

The main function of the uterus is to house and nourish a developing fetus during pregnancy.

What is the structure that transports sperm from the testes to the urethra?

The vas deferens.

Explain the term 'menstruation'.

Menstruation is the shedding of the uterine lining, occurring when pregnancy does not take place.

What are the external female reproductive structures collectively called?

The vulva.

What is the role of the prostate gland in the male reproductive system?

The prostate gland produces a fluid that, along with spermatozoa and seminal vesicle fluid, makes up the semen.

What phase follows ovulation in the menstrual cycle?

The luteal phase follows ovulation in the menstrual cycle.

Which structure in the male reproductive system stores sperm?

The epididymis stores sperm.

What is the pathway of sperm exiting the male body?

Sperm travel from the testes through the epididymis, vas deferens, ejaculatory duct, and exit through the urethra.