Respiratory System Essentials

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What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

The primary function of the respiratory system is to supply the blood with oxygen and remove carbon dioxide.

Where does gas exchange occur in the respiratory system?

Gas exchange occurs in the alveoli of the lungs.

What is the role of the diaphragm in breathing?

The diaphragm contracts to pull air into the lungs and relaxes to push air out.

What structures make up the upper respiratory tract?

The upper respiratory tract includes the nose, nasal cavity, sinuses, and pharynx.

What is the function of cilia in the respiratory system?

Cilia help move mucus and trapped particles out of the airways.

What is the pharynx and its role in the respiratory system?

The pharynx is a muscular tube that serves as a passageway for air on its way to the lungs.

How do the bronchi and bronchioles differ?

The bronchi are larger air passages that branch from the trachea into each lung; bronchioles are smaller branches that lead to alveoli.

What is the importance of the trachea in the respiratory system?

The trachea, or windpipe, is the main airway that leads air to the lungs.

What role do lungs play in the respiratory system?

Lungs facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide through the alveoli.

How does breathing rate change with activity?

Breathing rate increases with physical activity to meet the body's higher oxygen demand and remove excess carbon dioxide.

What triggers the coughing reflex in the respiratory system?

The coughing reflex is triggered by irritants in the airways, such as dust or smoke.

What is emphysema and how does it affect the respiratory system?

Emphysema is a lung condition that destroys alveoli, reducing gas exchange efficiency.

How does the body regulate breathing?

The medulla oblongata in the brainstem regulates breathing by responding to CO2 levels in the blood.

What is asthma and how does it affect the respiratory system?

Asthma is a condition where airways become inflamed and narrowed, making breathing difficult.

What is the function of the larynx in the respiratory system?

The larynx houses the vocal cords and helps protect the airway during swallowing.

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