What is the purpose of separation techniques in chemistry?
Separation techniques are used to divide mixtures into their individual components.
What is filtration used for?
Filtration is used to separate an insoluble solid from a liquid.
Name a situation where evaporation is used as a separation technique.
Evaporation is used to separate a dissolved solid from a liquid, such as obtaining salt from saltwater.
How does distillation differ from evaporation?
Distillation separates substances based on boiling points and allows collection of both components, whereas evaporation only reclaims the dissolved solid.
What is chromatography used for?
Chromatography is used to separate and analyze different components of a mixture.
In chromatography, what is the stationary phase?
The stationary phase is the material that does not move, such as the paper in paper chromatography.
Why is fractional distillation used for crude oil?
Fractional distillation separates components of crude oil based on their different boiling points.
How does a separating funnel work?
A separating funnel separates immiscible liquids based on their densities.
What kind of mixture can be separated using a magnet?
A mixture containing magnetic and non-magnetic substances can be separated using a magnet.
Give an example of a mixture that can be separated by using sublimation.
A mixture of iodine and sand can be separated using sublimation, as iodine sublimates while sand does not.
What is the principle behind centrifugation?
Centrifugation separates components based on their densities using high-speed spinning.
Which technique is ideal for separating a mixture of sand and salt?
Dissolving in water, filtration to remove sand, and evaporation to reclaim the salt.
What is a real-life application of filtration?
Water purification systems use filtration to remove solid contaminants.
What is the role of the mobile phase in chromatography?
The mobile phase carries the components of the mixture along the stationary phase.
What separation technique is best for separating colored compounds?
Chromatography is ideal for separating colored compounds.