A natural disaster is an event caused by natural processes of the Earth, such as earthquakes, floods, or hurricanes, that can cause damage to humans and the environment.
What causes an earthquake?
An earthquake is caused by the shifting of tectonic plates beneath the Earth’s surface.
What is a tsunami, and what usually causes it?
A tsunami is a large ocean wave usually caused by an underwater earthquake or volcanic eruption.
How does a volcanic eruption occur?
A volcanic eruption occurs when magma from inside the Earth pushes up through cracks in the Earth's crust.
What are the characteristics of a hurricane?
A hurricane is a powerful tropical storm with strong winds and heavy rain, forming over warm ocean waters.
How is a tornado different from a hurricane?
A tornado is a narrow, violently rotating column of air that extends from a thunderstorm to the ground, while a hurricane is a large, spiraling storm system over the ocean.
What is the Richter scale used for?
The Richter scale is used to measure the magnitude of earthquakes.
What is the difference between a warning and a watch for weather-related disasters?
A watch means conditions are favorable for a disaster, while a warning means it is occurring or will occur soon.
What is a cyclone?
A cyclone is a system of winds rotating around a low-pressure center, forming over warm sea surfaces.
What is a flood, and what can cause it?
A flood is the overflow of water onto normally dry land, often caused by heavy rain, storm surges, or melting snow.
What is a drought?
A drought is a prolonged period of abnormally low rainfall, leading to water shortages.
What are some effects of an earthquake?
Effects of an earthquake can include ground shaking, surface rupture, flooding, and tsunamis.
What safety measure should you take during a tornado?
Seek shelter in a basement or an interior room on the lowest floor away from windows.
What is the focus of an earthquake?
The focus is the point within the Earth where the earthquake originates.
How can a volcanic eruption affect climate?
Volcanic eruptions can release ash and gases into the atmosphere, potentially cooling the Earth's surface by blocking sunlight.