AC Through Capacitor

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What is the role of a capacitor in an AC circuit?
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In an AC circuit, a capacitor allows the AC current to pass while blocking DC current. It also causes a phase shift between voltage and current.
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How does the reactance of a capacitor change with frequency?
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The reactance (Xc) of a capacitor decreases as the frequency of the AC signal increases. It is given by the formula Xc = 1 / (2πfC).
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What is the unit of capacitive reactance?
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The unit of capacitive reactance is Ohms (Ω).
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Explain the phase difference between current and voltage in a capacitive AC circuit.
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In a capacitive AC circuit, the current leads the voltage by 90 degrees.
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What mathematical expression represents the capacitive reactance?
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The capacitive reactance (Xc) is given by Xc = 1 / (2πfC), where f is the frequency and C is the capacitance.
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What happens to the impedance in a circuit with only a capacitor when frequency increases?
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The impedance decreases as frequency increases in a circuit containing just a capacitor.
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Describe what a phase angle in an AC circuit with a capacitor means.
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The phase angle in a capacitive AC circuit indicates that the current leads the voltage by a specific degree, usually 90 degrees.
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How can you calculate the total voltage across capacitors connected in parallel?
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For capacitors in parallel, the total voltage across each capacitor is the same as the source voltage.
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Explain why capacitors are used in AC circuit filters.
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Capacitors in AC circuit filters block low-frequency signals while allowing high-frequency signals to pass, useful for filtering specific frequencies.
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What is the impact of increasing the capacitance in an AC circuit?
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Increasing the capacitance in an AC circuit decreases the capacitive reactance, allowing more current to flow.
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How does a capacitor behave differently in AC and DC circuits?
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In DC circuits, a capacitor blocks current once fully charged, while in AC circuits, it continuously allows the alternating current to flow.
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What is the formula for capacitive reactance in terms of angular frequency?
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The capacitive reactance Xc = 1 / (ωC), where ω is the angular frequency (ω = 2πf).
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What happens to current amplitude when capacitance is doubled in an AC circuit?
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When capacitance is doubled, the current amplitude doubles, assuming a constant voltage and frequency.
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How do capacitors influence the power factor in AC circuits?
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Capacitors increase the power factor by reducing phase differences between voltage and current, often leading to a higher cosine of the phase angle.
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What is the significance of series connection of capacitors in AC circuits?
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In series configuration, the total capacitance is reduced, affecting the total voltage drop and increasing the reactance.
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