Acids

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What is an acid in terms of its taste and pH level?
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Acids generally taste sour and have a pH level less than 7.
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What ion do acids release in water?
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Acids release hydrogen ions (H+) in water.
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Name a common strong acid and where it is often used.
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Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is a common strong acid used in cleaning and in the stomach for digestion.
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How does litmus paper react to acids?
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Litmus paper turns red in the presence of an acid.
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What happens in a reaction between an acid and a metal?
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Acids react with metals to form salt and release hydrogen gas.
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Name a common weak acid and its use.
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Acetic acid is a common weak acid used in vinegar.
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What is the role of acids in the human body?
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Acids, like gastric acid, help in digestion by breaking down food.
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Define a monoprotic acid and give an example.
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A monoprotic acid can donate only one hydrogen ion per molecule; an example is nitric acid (HNO3).
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What is the chemical formula for sulfuric acid?
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The chemical formula for sulfuric acid is H2SO4.
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Name one industrial use of acids.
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Sulfuric acid is used in manufacturing fertilizers.
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What safety precautions should you take when handling acids?
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Always wear gloves and goggles, and work in a well-ventilated area.
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What is the effect of acids on carbonate compounds?
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Acids react with carbonates to form carbon dioxide, water, and a salt.
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How has acid rain formed and what are its effects?
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Acid rain is formed from sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides in the atmosphere reacting with water. It can damage plants, aquatic life, and buildings.
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Why are acids used in the food industry?
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Acids are used as preservatives and to add sour flavor.
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What is the difference between a strong acid and a concentrated acid?
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A strong acid fully dissociates in water, while a concentrated acid has a high amount of acid in a solution but not necessarily fully dissociated.
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