Acids, Bases and Salts

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What is an acid?
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An acid is a substance that releases hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water.
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What is a base?
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A base is a substance that releases hydroxide ions (OH-) when dissolved in water.
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What is pH?
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pH is a scale used to specify the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution, ranging from 0 to 14.
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What pH value is considered neutral?
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A pH value of 7 is considered neutral.
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What is the pH range for acidic solutions?
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Acidic solutions have a pH less than 7.
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What is a neutralization reaction?
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A neutralization reaction occurs when an acid and a base react to form water and a salt.
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What is an indicator?
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An indicator is a substance that changes color to indicate the pH of a solution.
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How does litmus paper work?
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Litmus paper changes color to indicate whether a solution is acidic or basic; blue litmus turns red in acid and red litmus turns blue in base.
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What are strong acids and bases?
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Strong acids and bases dissociate completely in water, releasing all their hydrogen or hydroxide ions.
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What are weak acids and bases?
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Weak acids and bases partially dissociate in water, releasing some but not all of their hydrogen or hydroxide ions.
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What is a salt in chemistry?
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A salt is an ionic compound formed when an acid reacts with a base.
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What happens in the reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide?
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Hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide react to form sodium chloride (salt) and water.
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What is titration?
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Titration is an analytical technique to determine the concentration of an unknown solution by reacting it with a solution of known concentration.
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Why is a buffer important in biology?
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A buffer is important because it helps maintain a stable pH in biological systems.
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How can the strength of an acid or base be measured?
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The strength of an acid or base can be measured through its ability to ionize in solution and its pH value.
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