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Define work-energy theorem.
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The work-energy theorem states that the work done on an object is equal to the change in its kinetic energy.
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What is a conservative force? Provide an example.
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A conservative force is a force where the work done is independent of the path taken, such as gravitational force.
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How does non-conservative force differ from conservative force?
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Non-conservative forces, like friction, cause energy dissipation, making work path-dependent unlike conservative forces.
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Explain the concept of power efficiency.
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Power efficiency is the ratio of useful power output to the total power input, usually expressed as a percentage.
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How does elastic potential energy differ from gravitational potential energy?
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Elastic potential energy is stored when objects are deformed (e.g., springs), while gravitational potential energy depends on an object's position in a gravitational field.
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What role does power play in electrical systems?
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Power in electrical systems quantifies the rate of electrical energy conversion into other forms and is calculated with Power = Voltage × Current.
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Why is understanding energy transformation important for engineering?
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Understanding energy transformation is crucial for designing efficient systems, reducing waste and optimizing resource use.
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What is meant by instantaneous power?
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Instantaneous power is the power output at a specific moment in time, differing from average power over a period.
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Define thermal energy.
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Thermal energy is the total kinetic energy of particles in a substance, resulting from their motion and position.
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