Advanced Java Concepts

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What are Java annotations?
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Annotations provide metadata about the program, are not part of the program itself, and have no direct effect on program semantics.
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What is a Java package?
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A Java package is a namespace for organizing classes and interfaces, helping resolve naming conflicts and controlling access.
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Explain exception handling in Java.
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Exception handling in Java is a powerful mechanism that handles runtime errors to maintain the normal flow of the application.
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What is a Java servlet?
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A Java servlet is a Java program that extends the capabilities of a server, handling requests and responses for web applications.
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What is JDBC in Java?
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Java Database Connectivity (JDBC) is a Java API that manages connecting to a database, issuing queries, and handling result sets.
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What is the purpose of the Stream API in Java 8?
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The Stream API provides a modern way to process collections of objects with concise and functional programming style operations.
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How does garbage collection work in Java?
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Garbage collection in Java is the process of automatically freeing up memory by deleting unreachable objects.
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What are Lambdas in Java?
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Lambdas allow you to define anonymous methods that are passed around as if they were objects.
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What is a Java Enum?
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An Enum type is a special Java type used to define collections of constants.
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Explain Java Collections Framework.
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The Collections Framework is a unified architecture for representing and manipulating collections, allowing interoperability among objects.
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What is Java generics?
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Generics enable types (classes and interfaces) to be parameters, allowing a type-safe way to reuse code.
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What is the difference between ‘==’ and ‘.equals()’ in Java?
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‘==’ checks if references point to the same object, whereas ‘.equals()’ checks if objects are meaningfully equivalent.
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What role do design patterns play in Java?
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Design patterns provide solutions to common software design problems and help in building reusable and scalable software.
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What is a Singleton pattern in Java?
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A Singleton ensures that a class has only one instance and provides a global point of access to it.
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What is Reflection in Java?
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Reflection is an API which is used to examine or modify the runtime behavior of applications running in the Java Virtual Machine.
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