Atoms and Subatomic Particles

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What is an atom?
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An atom is the smallest unit of matter that retains the identity of a chemical element.
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Name three subatomic particles.
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Protons, neutrons, and electrons are the three subatomic particles.
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Which subatomic particle has a positive charge?
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The proton has a positive charge.
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Where are electrons located in an atom?
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Electrons are located in the electron cloud surrounding the nucleus of an atom.
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What is the charge of a neutron?
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A neutron has no charge; it is neutral.
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What determines the atomic number of an element?
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The atomic number is determined by the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.
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What is the mass number of an atom?
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The mass number is the sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.
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Which subatomic particle is responsible for chemical bonding?
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Electrons are responsible for chemical bonding.
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What holds the nucleus of an atom together?
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The strong nuclear force holds the nucleus together.
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How do isotopes of an element differ?
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Isotopes of an element have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.
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What is an ion?
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An ion is an atom or molecule with an unequal number of protons and electrons, resulting in a charge.
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Who is credited with the discovery of the electron?
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J.J. Thomson is credited with discovering the electron.
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What is the relative mass of a proton compared to an electron?
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A proton is approximately 1836 times more massive than an electron.
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What model of the atom did Niels Bohr propose?
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Niels Bohr proposed the Bohr model where electrons orbit the nucleus at specific distances.
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Which experiment led to the discovery of the nucleus?
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The Gold Foil Experiment conducted by Ernest Rutherford led to the discovery of the nucleus.
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