Basics of Physiology

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What is the main function of the heart in the human body?
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The heart pumps blood throughout the body, supplying oxygen and nutrients while removing waste.
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Why do humans breathe oxygen?
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Oxygen is essential for cellular respiration to produce energy in the form of ATP.
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What are the main components of the human digestive system?
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The main components are the mouth, esophagus, stomach, intestines, liver, and pancreas.
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What role do the lungs play in the respiratory system?
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The lungs exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood and the air.
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How does the kidney contribute to waste removal?
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The kidneys filter blood to remove waste and excess water, forming urine.
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What is the function of the brain in the nervous system?
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The brain controls bodily functions, processes sensory information, and is responsible for thoughts and actions.
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How do muscles and bones work together in the body?
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Muscles contract to move bones, which are connected by joints, allowing movement.
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What is the purpose of white blood cells?
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White blood cells defend the body against infections and foreign invaders.
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How do hormones affect bodily functions?
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Hormones are chemical messengers that regulate various processes like growth, metabolism, and mood.
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What is the difference between arteries and veins?
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Arteries carry blood away from the heart, and veins carry blood back to the heart.
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What is the role of the liver in digestion?
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The liver produces bile, which helps digest fats, and detoxifies the blood.
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How does the skin protect the body?
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The skin acts as a barrier against pathogens, regulates temperature, and prevents water loss.
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What system controls the body's response to fight or flight situations?
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The sympathetic nervous system controls the fight or flight response.
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Why is the endocrine system important?
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The endocrine system regulates hormones that control many body functions, like growth and metabolism.
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What is homeostasis?
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Homeostasis is the process of maintaining a stable internal environment in the body.
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