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What is the formula for calculating work?
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Work is calculated using the formula: Work = Force × Distance × cos(θ), where θ is the angle between the force and the direction of motion.
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What are the SI units of work, energy, and power?
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The SI unit of work and energy is the joule (J), while the SI unit of power is the watt (W).
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Define kinetic energy and provide its formula.
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Kinetic energy is the energy of an object due to its motion, calculated by the formula: KE = 0.5 × m × v², where m is mass and v is velocity.
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What is potential energy and how is gravitational potential energy calculated?
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Potential energy is stored energy due to an object's position or state. Gravitational potential energy is calculated as PE = m × g × h, where m is mass, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and h is the height above a reference point.
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Explain the law of conservation of energy.
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The law of conservation of energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed; it can only be transferred or converted from one form to another.
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What is the formula for power, and what does power measure?
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Power is measured as the rate of doing work or transferring energy, calculated with the formula: Power = Work / Time or Power = Energy / Time.
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What is mechanical energy?
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Mechanical energy is the sum of kinetic and potential energy in a system due to its motion and position.
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Provide an example of conversion between kinetic and potential energy.
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A roller coaster at the top of a hill has maximum potential energy, which converts to kinetic energy as it descends.
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What impact does friction have on work and energy?
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Friction opposes motion, resulting in energy loss often converted to heat, reducing the net work done by an applied force.
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How can the power output of an engine be increased?
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Power output can be increased by boosting the work done or reducing the time taken to do the work.
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