Biochemical Interactions in Plants and Animals

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What is photosynthesis?
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The process by which green plants use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water.
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What is the word equation for photosynthesis?
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Carbon dioxide + water + sunlight → glucose + oxygen.
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What role does chlorophyll play in photosynthesis?
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Chlorophyll captures sunlight to drive photosynthesis.
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What is respiration in biology?
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The process of exchanging gases, like oxygen and carbon dioxide, in living organisms.
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What is aerobic respiration?
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The chemical process where cells use oxygen to break down nutrient molecules to release energy.
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Name the products of aerobic respiration.
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Carbon dioxide, water, and energy.
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What is anaerobic respiration?
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Respiration without using oxygen, resulting in the partial breakdown of glucose.
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What does anaerobic respiration produce in animals?
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Lactic acid.
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What are autotrophs?
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Organisms that synthesize their own food through photosynthesis.
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What are heterotrophs?
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Organisms that rely on others for energy and cannot make their own food.
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What is the role of stomata in plants?
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Stomata allow gas exchange and water vapor release.
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How does light intensity affect photosynthesis?
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Increased light intensity raises photosynthesis rates until a saturation point.
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What is the byproduct of photosynthesis?
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Oxygen.
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Why is transpiration important for plants?
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It helps in water and nutrient transport and cooling the plant.
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What is the main function of guard cells?
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To control the opening and closing of stomata.
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