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What is a loop in C++?
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A loop in C++ is a control flow statement that allows code to be executed repeatedly based on a condition.
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What are the main types of loops in C++?
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The main types of loops in C++ are for loops, while loops, and do-while loops.
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What is the basic syntax of a for loop in C++?
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The basic syntax of a for loop in C++ is: for (initialization; condition; increment) { // code to execute }
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Provide an example of a simple for loop that prints numbers 1 to 5.
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for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++) { std::cout << i << std::endl; }
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What is the basic syntax of a while loop in C++?
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The basic syntax of a while loop in C++ is: while (condition) { // code to execute }
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How does a while loop differ from a for loop?
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While loops only have a condition and execute as long as the condition is true, whereas for loops include initialization, condition, and increment sections.
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What is a common use case for a while loop in C++?
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A common use case for a while loop is when the number of iterations is not known beforehand and depends on a condition.
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What is a nested loop?
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A nested loop is a loop that exists within another loop, allowing for repeated iterations within iterations.
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Give an example of a nested for loop.
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for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < 2; j++) { std::cout << "i = " << i << ", j = " << j << std::endl; } }
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When might you use a nested loop?
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Nested loops are useful for iterating over multi-dimensional data structures, such as 2D arrays.
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What does the 'break' statement do in a loop?
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The 'break' statement exits the loop immediately, skipping any remaining iterations.
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Provide an example of a for loop with a break statement.
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for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { if (i == 5) break; std::cout << i << std::endl; } // This loop will print numbers 0 to 4.
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What is the purpose of the 'continue' statement in a loop?
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The 'continue' statement skips the current iteration and moves to the next iteration of the loop.
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Give an example of a for loop with a continue statement.
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for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) { if (i == 2) continue; std::cout << i << std::endl; } // This loop will print 0, 1, 3, 4.
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How can you create an infinite loop using a for loop?
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An infinite loop can be created with a for loop by omitting all statements: for (;;){ // code to execute }
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How can a while loop become an infinite loop?
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A while loop becomes infinite if the condition remains true indefinitely, e.g., while (true) { // code }.
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What is the difference between a for loop and a do-while loop?
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A for loop checks the condition before executing, whereas a do-while loop executes at least once and checks the condition after the first iteration.
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Provide an example of a basic while loop that counts down from 5 to 1.
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int n = 5; while (n > 0) { std::cout << n << std::endl; n--; }
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What is an example of using a loop to iterate over an array?
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int arr[] = {1, 2, 3, 4}; for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) { std::cout << arr[i] << std::endl; }
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What should you be cautious of when using loops in C++?
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Be cautious of infinite loops, off-by-one errors, and ensuring loop conditions modify as expected.
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