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What is a synthesis reaction?
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A synthesis reaction is when two or more simple substances combine to form a more complex substance. The general form is A + B → AB.
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What is a decomposition reaction?
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A decomposition reaction occurs when a single compound breaks down into two or more simpler substances. The general form is AB → A + B.
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What happens in a single displacement reaction?
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In a single displacement reaction, an element replaces a similar element in a compound. The general form is A + BC → B + AC.
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What is a double displacement reaction?
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Double displacement reactions involve the exchange of ions between two compounds to form two new compounds. AB + CD → AD + CB.
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Describe a combustion reaction.
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A combustion reaction is a chemical process where a substance reacts with oxygen, releasing energy in the form of light or heat, typically producing carbon dioxide and water.
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What is an example of a synthesis reaction in everyday life?
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An example of a synthesis reaction is the formation of water from hydrogen and oxygen gases: 2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O.
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Give an example of a decomposition reaction in the human body.
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The decomposition of hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen by the enzyme catalase is an example: 2H₂O₂ → 2H₂O + O₂.
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Explain a real-world example of a single displacement reaction.
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A real-world example is the reaction of zinc with hydrochloric acid, where zinc displaces hydrogen: Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl₂ + H₂.
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What real-world processes rely on double displacement reactions?
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Precipitation and neutralization reactions rely on double displacement. For example, mixing silver nitrate and sodium chloride forms white precipitate of silver chloride.
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What signifies a combustion reaction in automotive engines?
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In automotive engines, combustion reactions are indicated by the burning of fuel (petrol/diesel) with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide, water, and energy.
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What is an oxidation-reduction reaction?
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An oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction is a chemical reaction involving the transfer of electrons between two species. Oxidation involves losing electrons, while reduction means gaining electrons.
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How does rusting represent a chemical reaction?
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Rusting is an oxidation-reduction reaction where iron reacts with oxygen and water to form iron oxide, commonly seen as rust.
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What role do catalysts play in chemical reactions?
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Catalysts speed up a chemical reaction without being consumed by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to occur.
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Explain the concept of reaction rate.
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Reaction rate refers to how quickly a reaction occurs, measured by the change in concentration of reactants or products over time.
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What are exothermic and endothermic reactions?
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Exothermic reactions release energy, often as heat or light, while endothermic reactions absorb energy, requiring an input for the reaction to proceed.
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