Chemical Reactions and Equations

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What happens during a chemical reaction?
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Atoms are rearranged to form new substances, and chemical bonds are broken and formed.
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What is a chemical equation?
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A symbolic representation of a chemical reaction, with reactants on the left and products on the right.
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What is the Law of Conservation of Mass?
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Mass is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction, meaning the mass of reactants equals the mass of products.
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What do we call numbers placed before reactants and products in a chemical equation?
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Coefficients, which indicate the number of units of each substance involved.
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Why is balancing chemical equations important?
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To ensure the Law of Conservation of Mass is obeyed by having the same number of each type of atom on both sides of the equation.
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What is a synthesis reaction?
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A type of chemical reaction in which two or more substances combine to form a new compound.
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Give an example of a decomposition reaction.
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The breakdown of water into hydrogen and oxygen: 2H₂O → 2H₂ + O₂.
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What is a single displacement reaction?
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A reaction where one element replaces another in a compound, such as Zn + CuSO₄ → ZnSO₄ + Cu.
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What is a double displacement reaction?
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A reaction where ions in two compounds exchange places, such as AgNO₃ + NaCl → AgCl + NaNO₃.
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What do we call a reaction that releases energy to the surroundings?
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Exothermic reaction.
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What is an endothermic reaction?
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A reaction that absorbs energy from its surroundings, such as photosynthesis.
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How is activation energy defined?
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The minimum energy required for a chemical reaction to occur.
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Which product is formed from the reaction between metals and acids?
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Salt and hydrogen gas are produced.
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What is the pH scale used for?
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To measure the acidity or alkalinity of a solution, ranging from 0 (acidic) to 14 (alkaline), with 7 being neutral.
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What is a catalyst's role in a reaction?
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To lower the activation energy and increase the rate of the reaction without being consumed.
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