Demographic Transition Model and Population Policies

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What is the Demographic Transition Model?
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It is a model that describes population change over time through four stages.
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What characterizes the first stage of the Demographic Transition Model?
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Both birth and death rates are high, leading to a stable population.
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During which stage of the Demographic Transition Model does the population start to grow rapidly?
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The second stage, which is characterized by declining death rates.
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What occurs in the third stage of the Demographic Transition Model?
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Birth rates start to decline, causing the population growth to slow.
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Describe the fourth stage of the Demographic Transition Model.
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Both birth and death rates are low, stabilizing the population.
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What is one potential future stage in the Demographic Transition Model?
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A fifth stage where the birth rate drops below the death rate, causing population decline.
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What was Singapore's antinatal policy?
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Policies to reduce birth rates, including family planning and birth control incentives.
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What societal issue did Singapore face that led to antinatal policies?
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Overpopulation and strain on resources in the 1960s and 1970s.
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How did Singapore encourage citizens to have more children in the 1980s?
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By introducing pronatal policies like baby bonuses and tax incentives.
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Why did Singapore shift to pronatal policies?
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Due to concerns about an aging population and workforce shortage.
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How has Singapore's population policy evolved over time?
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Initially antinatal to control population, then pronatal to boost birth rates.
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What is a baby bonus scheme?
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A financial incentive provided to families for having more children.
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What impact did Singapore's population policies have on its demographic structure?
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There was a balanced approach to countering low birth rates and aging population.
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What challenge does Singapore face with its current demographic trends?
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Maintaining economic growth with a shrinking workforce.
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What is the impact of low fertility rates in rapidly aging societies like Singapore?
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Challenges in sustainability of pension systems and healthcare demands.
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