Electrochemical and Classical Methods in Chemical Analysis

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1/15 cards
What is the principle behind potentiometry?
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Potentiometry measures the voltage of an electrochemical cell to determine the concentration of an analyte in a solution.
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How does conductometry differ from other electrochemical methods?
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Conductometry measures the electrical conductivity of a solution, which changes with the concentration of ions, without the need for chemical reactions.
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What is the purpose of coulometry in chemical analysis?
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Coulometry determines the quantity of substance by measuring the total electric charge passed during a complete electrolysis reaction.
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What is a common application of voltammetry?
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Voltammetry is commonly used to study redox properties of molecules, determining their oxidation and reduction potentials or current-voltage relationship.
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What role do reference electrodes play in electrochemical analysis?
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Reference electrodes provide a stable and known potential against which other electrode potentials can be measured, crucial for reproducibility and accuracy.
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How does titration determine concentration?
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Titration involves adding a reagent to a solution until a reaction is complete, indicated by a color change or pH shift, thus determining the analyte's concentration.
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What is the principle of amperometry?
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Amperometry measures the current flow in an electrochemical cell at a fixed potential to analyze the concentration of electroactive species.
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Why is gravimetric analysis considered precise?
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Gravimetric analysis involves measuring mass to quantify an analyte, minimizing errors from measurement uncertainties.
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What is the function of redox indicators in titrations?
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Redox indicators undergo a color change when the oxidation state alters, helping identify the titration endpoint in redox reactions.
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How does Karl Fischer titration work?
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Karl Fischer titration measures water content in a sample by reacting water with iodine and sulfur dioxide in the presence of an alcohol and base.
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What advantage does polarography offer in chemical analysis?
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Polarography provides detailed information about reversible redox processes and allows analysis of trace amounts through dropping mercury electrodes.
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What is the role of an ion-selective electrode?
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An ion-selective electrode measures specific ion concentrations, selectively responding to particular ion activities, crucial for precise ion quantification.
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How does calorimetry aid in chemical analysis?
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Calorimetry measures the heat of reaction to determine thermodynamic properties and reaction enthalpy, providing insights into reaction energetics.
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What is the significance of endpoint detection in titrations?
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Endpoint detection is crucial to determine when reactions between titrant and analyte are complete, affecting the accuracy of concentration calculations.
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What is the difference between potentiostatic and galvanostatic control in electrochemical experiments?
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Potentiostatic control maintains a constant potential, while galvanostatic control maintains constant current during electrochemical investigations.
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