End of the Cold War

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What event is considered the symbolic end to the Cold War?
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The fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989.
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What were the main factors leading to the end of the Cold War?
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Economic stagnation in the USSR, political reforms by Mikhail Gorbachev, and increased diplomacy with the West.
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Who was the Soviet leader that implemented significant reforms during the 1980s?
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Mikhail Gorbachev.
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What policy did Gorbachev promote that allowed more openness in Soviet society?
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Glasnost.
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Which treaty marked a significant step in nuclear arms reduction between the US and USSR?
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The Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty in 1987.
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What role did the Solidarity movement in Poland play in the Cold War's conclusion?
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It challenged communist rule and inspired reforms.
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Which US President worked with Gorbachev to help ease Cold War tensions?
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Ronald Reagan.
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What economic issues did the USSR face that contributed to its decline?
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Stagnation, inefficient central planning, and a costly arms race.
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How did the reunification of Germany signal the Cold War's end?
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It symbolized the collapse of the Iron Curtain divisions in Europe.
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What significance did the Malta Summit of 1989 have?
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It marked an important meeting where the Cold War's end was unofficially declared.
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What was the goal of Gorbachev’s policy of perestroika?
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To reform the Soviet economy through limited market-like reforms.
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Which Eastern European country peacefully transitioned from communism in the Velvet Revolution?
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Czechoslovakia.
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What role did the Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) play in the Cold War?
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It increased pressure on the USSR's economy due to potential new arms competition.
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What was the outcome of the Eastern European revolutions in 1989?
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They led to the fall of communist governments across Eastern Europe.
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How did Gorbachev’s foreign policy differ from his predecessors?
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He promoted cooperation and openness with the West.
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