Energy Flow in Ecosystems

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What is the primary source of energy for most ecosystems?
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The Sun is the primary source of energy for most ecosystems.
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What role do producers play in an ecosystem?
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Producers convert solar energy into chemical energy through photosynthesis.
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How do consumers obtain energy in an ecosystem?
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Consumers obtain energy by eating other organisms.
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What is a food chain?
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A food chain is a linear sequence of organisms where nutrients and energy pass as one organism eats another.
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Explain the concept of a food web.
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A food web is a complex network of interrelated food chains within an ecosystem.
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What is an energy pyramid, and what does it show?
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An energy pyramid is a graphical model showing energy flow levels, with producers at the base.
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Why is only part of the energy transferred to the next trophic level?
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Only about 10% of energy is transferred; the rest is lost as heat or used for life processes.
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What role do decomposers play in energy flow?
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Decomposers break down dead matter, recycling nutrients back into the ecosystem.
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How does energy flow differ in aquatic ecosystems compared to terrestrial ones?
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In aquatic ecosystems, energy flows primarily through phytoplankton and zooplankton unlike plants in terrestrial systems.
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What is the significance of the 10% rule in ecosystems?
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The 10% rule explains energy loss between trophic levels: only 10% transfers.
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How do human activities affect energy flow in ecosystems?
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Human activities like deforestation and pollution disrupt energy flow and ecosystem balance.
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What is meant by 'trophic level'?
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A trophic level is each step in a food chain where organisms share the same role in energy transfer.
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How does energy enter an ecosystem?
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Energy enters most ecosystems through sunlight, captured by producers via photosynthesis.
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What impact do invasive species have on energy flow?
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Invasive species can disrupt existing food webs, altering energy flow and ecosystem dynamics.
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What is the role of apex predators in energy flow?
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Apex predators regulate prey populations, maintaining ecosystem balance and ensuring efficient energy flow.
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