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What are fossil fuels?
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Fossil fuels are natural substances made from decomposed plants and animals that are used as energy sources, such as coal, oil, and natural gas.
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How are fossil fuels formed?
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Fossil fuels are formed from the remains of ancient plants and animals buried and subjected to pressure and heat over millions of years.
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Name three types of fossil fuels.
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The three main types of fossil fuels are coal, oil, and natural gas.
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How does coal form?
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Coal forms from plant material that accumulated in swampy areas, buried under sediments, and transformed over millions of years by temperature and pressure.
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What is the primary use of oil?
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The primary use of oil is as a fuel for vehicles and heating, and as a raw material in the petrochemical industry.
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How is natural gas extracted?
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Natural gas is extracted through drilling, and increasingly from shale formations using hydraulic fracturing, or 'fracking.'
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What are the environmental impacts of burning fossil fuels?
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Burning fossil fuels releases greenhouse gases, contributing to climate change, air pollution, acid rain, and health problems.
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What is one advantage of using fossil fuels?
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Fossil fuels are efficient, providing high energy content, and are currently widely available and infrastructure is established.
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What is one disadvantage of fossil fuels?
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They are non-renewable resources that contribute to environmental pollution and global warming.
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Why are fossil fuels considered non-renewable?
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Because they take millions of years to form, and once used, they cannot be replenished on a human time scale.
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What is the role of fossil fuels in electricity generation?
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Fossil fuels are burned in power plants to generate steam that drives turbines to produce electricity.
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What is carbon capture and storage (CCS)?
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CCS is a technology designed to capture and store CO2 emissions from fossil fuels to prevent them from entering the atmosphere.
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What is 'fracking'?
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Fracking is a method to extract natural gas and oil by injecting high-pressure liquid into rock to release the gas or oil inside.
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Why are fossil fuels pivotal in the industrial revolution?
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Fossil fuels like coal powered machinery, steam engines, and later electricity generation, spurring industrial growth.
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What alternatives exist to replace fossil fuels for energy?
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Alternatives include renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, hydroelectric, and geothermal energy.
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