French Revolution: Reactions and Outcomes

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What was the Reign of Terror and its purpose during the French Revolution?
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The Reign of Terror was a period of extreme measures to eliminate opposition to the Revolution, involving mass executions.
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How did the French monarchy react to the Revolution?
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Initially with attempts to placate demands, but as tensions rose, the monarchy resisted reforms, eventually leading to its downfall.
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What was the goal of the counter-revolutionary forces in France?
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To restore the monarchy and reverse the revolutionary changes implemented by the revolutionaries.
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How did the National Convention influence the French Revolution's trajectory?
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The National Convention governed during the revolution's critical phases, implementing radical laws and directing the war effort.
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What was the outcome of the War of the First Coalition for revolutionary France?
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The war united French citizens against external threats and solidified the revolution, but also led to widespread instability and conscription.
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What was the impact of the fall of the Bastille on French society and politics?
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It emboldened revolutionary fervor and was a turning point that convinced many that change was both possible and necessary.
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Why was the revolutionary calendar introduced and what did it signify?
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To break away from 'old regime' influences, it was a symbol of revolutionary ideals, emphasizing reason and secularism.
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How did the French Revolution affect the Catholic Church's power in France?
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It diminished the Church's power through secular policies like the Civil Constitution of the Clergy, stripping it of political influence.
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What were the 'September Massacres' and their consequences?
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A series of killings in Paris prisons of suspected counter-revolutionaries, escalating fear and radicalization in revolution politics.
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What was the Thermidorian Reaction and its effect on the revolution?
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It was the backlash against the Reign of Terror, leading to the fall of Robespierre and a more conservative phase in the revolution.
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How did international reactions to the French Revolution shape its progress?
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Fear of revolutionary spread led to wars and coalitions against France, intensifying internal and external conflicts.
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What structural changes occurred in France as a result of the Revolution?
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Feudal privileges were abolished, a merit-based society emerged, and legal and educational reforms set the foundation for modern France.
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What were some economic impacts of the French Revolution on France?
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The Revolution led to economic turmoil, currency depreciation, but also redistribution of church lands and abolition of feudal dues.
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How did Napoleon Bonaparte rise to power from the French Revolution?
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Through his military successes, he gained popularity and political clout, eventually leading to his coup d'état and rise as Emperor.
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What lasting global impacts did the French Revolution have?
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It spread democratic ideals, inspired future revolutions, and redefined the citizen's role in government worldwide.
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